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	February 13, 2008 Getting In and Getting Out: America's Longest War
	Evacuating a CIA apartment building near the U.S. Embassy in Saigon, April 29, 1975. Photo by Hubert Van Es, New York Times [read about here]   LBJ LBJ listening to report from son-in-law Chuck Robb, after the Tet Offensive, February 1968. February-July 1965. Escalation Early February 1965, attack on Camp Holloway at Pleiku. LBJ to advisers: “We have kept our guns over the mantel and our shells in the cupboard for a long time now. I can’t ask our American soldiers out there to continue the fight with one hand tied behind their backs.” March 1965, Operation Rolling Thunder. March 7, 1965. Bloody Sunday, Selma, Alabama. Marines land in DaNang. New York Times. Chicago Tribune. Los Angeles Times.
	July 1965 Escalation. July 1965, Analogy of airplane with engine failure. July 7, 1965, LBJ Explains the Logic of Escalation to Martin Luther King, Jr.   July 1965, ~75,000 troops in Vietnam. End of 1965 ~185k military personnel; approx. 640 dead. August 18, 1965 Advice from Ike. August 18, 1965 Advice from Ike II, August 18, 1965 Advice from Ike III, "Pay no attention to these darn people." November 11, 1965 McNamara Assesses the War. January 25, 1966 "Smack them," Ike advice on North Vietnamese attacks January 31, 1966, Rolling Thunder resumed after one-month hiatus. February 1, 1966 "I just can't be the architect of surrender," LBJ and Senator Eugene McCarthy End of 1966 ~385k military personnel; approx. 6,600 killed in action. August 1967 First time, majority of Americans polled, believed that intervention a mistake. 13k dead. McNamara and the Stennis Hearings. Air targets. 57. Early February, 1968. Tet Offensive and the Paradox of Victory March 31, 1968. LBJ's surprise announcement about the 1968 election. By 1968, LBJ to Bill Moyers, “I feel like a hitch-hiker caught in a hailstorm on a Texas highway. I can’t run. I can’t hide. And I can’t make it stop.” End of 1968, 536,000 military personnel. 30,610 killed in action.
	Nixon 1968 election. the Secret Plan. the promise of an "honorable end." "Peace with Honor to Southeast Asia." 1969, the "Madman" Strategy. May 1969. Vietnamization plan. December 1970, H.R. "Bob" Haldeman diary on Nixon and Withdrawal     May 5, 1971, Nixon and Congressman Jerry Ford on Antiwar Protesters (slightly over one year since Kent State).     June 1971, Pentagon Papers. June 12, 1971 , Nixon on Tricia's Wedding, True Quakers, "Long Hairs for Nixon," and "Beards for Nixon." September 17, 1971, Nixon on LBJ, Lady Bird, and Vietnam August 3, 1972, Nixon and the Decent Interval October 6, 1972, "How does the United States look in the way it handles this goddamn thing?" Expecting the Failure of South Vietnam October 6, 1972, "No choice except to commit suicide," Predicting Consequences of U.S. Withdrawal on South Vietnamese leadership January 23, 1973, Nixon's "Peace with Honor" speech to end the Vietnam War. [Audio from Miller Center] [Transcript from Americanpresidency.org project] January 27, 1973. Cease-fire. April 30, 1975, fall of Saigon.
	Richard Nixon and John McCain, 1973
	Bill Clinton and JFK, Boys Nation, June 6, 1963
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Materials for this course were developed by the Presidential Recordings Program at the University of Virginia's Miller Center of Public Affairs. Site design and Flash transcript+audio design by David Coleman. Flash transcript+audio files by David Coleman, Marc Selverstone, Ken Hughes, and the Presidential Recordings Program. Audio courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration and the Presidential Libraries of Roosevelt, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon. For more resources on the White House tapes see www.whitehousetapes.org or click here or here.